L01

Understanding the Relationship between sound and picture

Understanding the Relationship between sound and picture

Moving Image production

A moving image production is also known as a film. The moving images in a film are called video and in a film, you need to have a soundtrack to accompany your moving images. The film industry is booming these days and around 10,000 new films are brought out every year around the world. Here is a list of a few films which I came up with…

• Sleeping Beauty
• Free Willy
• Independence Day
• Pinocchio
• Mean Girls
• Beatle Juice
• Jaws
• Saw
• Pulp Fiction
• Layer cake
• American Beauty
• Slumdog Millionaire

Because there are so many films in the industry nowadays, they are usually categorised by their genre. As you can see from my list I have come up with many different film genre’s such as, Horror, Family, Chick Flick, Dark Comedy, Action etc.

• Soundtrack

The soundtrack is the sound recorded for a motion picture film (moving image production.)

• Diagetic Sounds/ Sounds from your location
• Non Diagetic sounds / Music added to centre emotion
• Digital Sound/                                     Used in video games
• Foley Sounds/Pre recorded day to day sounds in PP
• Live Broadcasts

All of these components to a soundtrack are used all the time in moving image productions. When editing usually the soundtrack is put over the moving images to get a more accurate finished product. A diagetic sound could be something like a car moving or the background noise of a café. Non diagetic sounds could be added when a character has just found out about a death, there would be soft slow music playing in the background to centre the character’s emotions. Foley sounds would be used to enhance tension e.g. a squeaking door, footsteps, breaking glass.

Skills needed to fill the role of a sound designer and producer:

·        To be able to chose the correct equipment when recording sounds

·        To be able to use microphones to a professional standard

·        To be able to mix audio

·        Be able to consider what the finished product will be like

·        Have contacts for hiring various types of sound equipment

·        Being able to prepare all sound equipment on set and to high standards

Moving picture production

• Trailers
• TV shows - News - Reality - Documentaries
• Animation - Stop motion - CGI
• Apps
• Cartoons - Adverts - Kid shows
• Websites
• Films - Romance - Horror - Adventure
• Adverts - Computers - Car - Food

Soundtrack

• Tension Sounds
• Dialog 
• Ambient sound
• Stereo
• Diegetic sounds
• Voice over
• Action code
• Extra diegetic
• Underscore
• Instrumental soundtrack
• Mond sounds
• Sound effects (SFX)

Underscore -  When music is added that only the audience can hear.
Diegetic sound -  Sound that is part of the action.
Non-diegetic sound - Music put on top to create emotion with the audience
Foley - People that re-create sounds

Creative & Media

Soundtrack for the Moving Image

Analysisng Music/Underscore

Musical Ingredients

Music is made up of the following elements and these are used by composers to create a particular mood or effect

Element	Definition
Instrumentation	An instrumental is a music without lyrics or singing, it may include some kind of non-articulate vocal input; the music is primarily or exclusively produced by musical instruments.
Tempo	Tempo (which is Italian for time) is the speed or pace of a given piece. Tempo is a big element of any musical composition, as it can affect the mood and difficulty of a piece.
Dynamics	In music, dynamics normally refers to the volume of a sound or note.
Rhythm	Rhythm may be generally defined as a movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions. This general meaning of regular recurrence or pattern in time.
Melody	A melody  also tune, voice, or line.In its most literal sense, a melody is a combination of pitch and rhythm.
Texture	Texture is often described in regards to the density, or thickness, and range, or width between lowest and highest pitches, in relative terms as well as more specifically distinguished according to the number of voices, or parts, and the relationship between these voices
Harmony/Key	In music, harmony is the use of simultaneous pitches (tones, notes), or chords. The study of harmony involves chords and their construction and chord progressions and the principles of connection that govern them.
Structure	Musical structure is form and arrangement of music.
Technology/SFX	Music Technology is a term that refers to all forms of Technology involved with the musical arts, particularly the use of electronic devices and computer software to facilitate playback,recording, composition, storage, and performance.

Microphone types and characteristics.

History of the Microphone –

How the Microphone works –

Type of Microphones -

• ·         Dynamic
• ·         Capacitor
• ·         Electric
• ·         Condenser
• ·         Ribbon
• ·         Carbon
• ·         Crystal
• ·         Tie Clip (Lavier)
• ·         Rifle
• ·         Boom
• ·         Radio
• ·         PZM (pressure zone microphone)

Polar Patterns –

• ·          Omni
• ·         Cardioid
• ·         Hyper Cardioid
• ·         Figure of 8

Analysis 

 The Jurassic Park opening theme tune is well known and played on every film and also at the Disney world theme park Jurassic park. 

It uses a large  orchestra that often includes a variety of percussion, two harps, baritone horns, and choir. 

The tempo of the song at the beginning starts of very slowly and quite at first

it starts of with just one instrument being played which gives you the feeling that it is the beginning of something like in the olden days they would blow a single trumpet to tell everyone it is the beginning of something and also sounds a bit lonely. Another trumpet joins in which creates a more meaningful sound and makes the audience think that something really is about to happen and it joins in softly like it is trying to care for the other instrument. It then gradually increases with violins and other instruments all playing the same track and it is soft and gives a happy feel to it. It then builds up  right up unit the end where it is much louder than it begain .  

There is a backing track sound effect of birds tweeting to give a more realistic feel to the whole scene.

They also add in foley when the man is moving they could do this by using foley artists to scrumple bits of fabric together this gives a more realistic feel to it and makes it sound like it is actually happening.

SFX of a loud sound  ( much like a whale sound ) is put over the top of the dinosaur to show what animal it is and create a bizzare scene. 

(first 30 seconds)

The simpson is famous for its theme tune and is used every episode it has been developed over the years but still remains the same track. It starts with a voice over of a woman softly singing ' The Simpsons ' and with a choir/keyboars making a harmonic 'aghhhh' sound. There is then a SFX of a bird squakng when the bird flys past and gives it a comic feel to it. the theme tune then plays throught the opening scene with sfx over the top these include ;

Two boys on top of a statue sawing it - a saw sfx is played the sound effect is a wood saw sound effect as it gives a better sound and also the sound for saw stone what sound a bit dodgey and not come out as clear.

The statue heas falls off - this sound effect sound much liek droppign a peddle into water they done this to give it a comedy feel and sound funny

Classroom - Second of chalk on a board is played just to show what is actually happening and tells the audience that bart is drawing on a board. The bell SFX then is played.

A burp sound effect is played when bart lands on the mans belly this is great comedy value.